SECTION 1 PLANTING THE SEEDS OF CHINESE EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

The Beginning of Tiong Se Academy
播種菲國華文教育：中西學院創辦時期
(1899-1919)

• 1899

  
  On April 15, 1899, the Anglo-Chinese School (ACS) was founded by Tan Kang (Engracio Palanca), the first Chinese consul to the Philippines, inside the Chinese consular premises at San Fernando Street, Binondo, Manila. Before ACS, there were no schools for the Chinese because Spanish authorities prohibited private education taught in Chinese.
  
  1899年4月15日，首任中國駐菲總領事陳綱先生在領事館內設立菲島首家華校,“小呂宋華僑中西學堂”（後改為馬尼拉華僑中西學校）。
  
  ACS began with around twenty students with free tuition subsidized by the Comunidad de Chinos (currently the Philippine Chinese Charitable Association).
  
  學校經費由善舉公所撥出。當年二十餘華僑子女，接受菲島首次正式的華文教育。
  
  Mr. King Siao Teng, the first principal of ACS, was a Confucian scholar from Fujian Province.
  
  陳綱總領事聘請其朋友泉州舉人龔紹庭來校承擔校政，是本校第一任校長。

• 1900

  
  ACS moved to the Chinese Charitable Association premises in Ongpin Street after the land used by the Chinese consulate was taken by the American Colonial Government.
  
  領事館所在地契據未登記完備，被迫遷離。我校遷移至善舉公所王彬街之地。

• 1904

  
  English began to be taught as a subject. ACS became independent from the Chinese Charitable Association and organized its own Board of Trustees, a first among local Chinese schools. Mr. Sy Kian, with imperial juren rank, became the principal.
  
  校政由舉人施乾（字健庵）先生繼任。施校長任期時,本校實行正式英語教育。此時中西學校自立，脫離善舉公所，組織董事會。

• 1909

  
  By 1909, Students numbered in hundreds, compelling the school to move to a bahay na bato at 1235 Sta. Elena Street in Binondo, Manila (the present 168 Shopping Mall).
  
  1909 此時，善舉公所未能收容中西百餘學生，我校乃另租仙沓依仁娜街1235號西班牙式兩層樓房為校舍。

• 1911

  
  Mr. Yu Nai Hu (Yu Cuan Seh) succeeded Mr. Chua King Oh as principal.
  
  1911年，我校教員楊乃甫被選為第四任校長。

• 1912

  ACS began offering vocational night classes for working students, another first among Philippine Chinese schools.
  
  楊校長開設菲島華校義務夜學之先河，以便失學青年補習漢英文。
  
  ACS’s emphasis on physical education led the school to establish an athletics association composed of its students and alumni. The association can be considered a forerunner of Filipino-Chinese athletic institutions in the country.
  
  我校成立體育會，會員多為本校的學生及校友，開展了菲華體育活動。

• 1914

  
  Mr. Tiu Hun Chiong succeeded Mr. Yu Nai Hu as principal of ACS.
  
  1914年，楊校長辭職，推薦張筠采（字雲章）先生擔任校政。
  
  Don Carlos Palanca Sr. (Tan Guin Lay), president of ACS Board of Trustees, led a fundraising drive to assure financial stability for the school.
  
  1914年我校規模日大，經費卻為有限。在本校董事會總理陳迎來、吳克誠等支持下，提議為我校撥充經常費用，得僑眾同意，順利進行。

• 1915

  Anglo Chinese School was formally recognized by the Department of Public Instruction of the United States Colonial Government.
  
  美國總督府轄下的教育局正式承認我校的英文課程。

• 1917

  
  ACS opened a branch in Quiapo, Manila.
  
  我校1917年在岷市溪亞婆區設立分校，以便遠道學童就近入學。
  
  In 1917, ACS formalized the implementation of classes conducted in English and Chinese, a system continuously used by Philippine Chinese schools until 1976 when Filipinization started to be implemented.
  
  我校對於英漢雙語課程實行改革：上半日專授漢文，下半日專授英文，是為英漢文兩部學制（又稱“雙重制”）之開始。

SECTION 2 LEAVING A VALUABLE AND LASTING LEGACY

Gan Bun Cho and the Second World War
留下珍貴長存的遺風：顏文初校長管理校政與抗戰時期
(1919-1942)

• 1919

  
  Mr. Gan Bun Cho took up the position of the school head. Mr. Gan was a teacher at the school since 1915 and is considered to be the principal with the longest tenure (22 years).
  
  1919年顏文初先生推舉為第六任校長。顏校長自1915年於我校擔任教員及校長近三十年，任職悠長，且其貢獻最大。

• 1920

  
  Continuing the school’s legacy in student athletics, ACS conducted its first intramurals, again the first of its kind among local Chinese schools.
  
  我校組織學校運動會，是全菲華校第一次運動會，也是菲華田徑運動會之首創。
  
  The first scouting movement among local Chinese schools was established by ACS with the help of Du Yingyou and Lu Jingzhong, scholars from the University of the Philippines.
  
  顏校長邀請菲大留學兩君杜定友、陸敬忠為我校組織菲島華校童子軍首團。

• 1921

  Mr. Gan Bun Cho initiated the use of Mandarin as a medium of instruction in Chinese classes. Previously, Hokkien and Cantonese were used.
  
  顏校長及教育界同事赴華考察當地教育狀況，回菲之後，我校發起漢語課堂使用國語（普通話）。

• 1922

  
  As the student population reached over five hundred, ACS moved to a three-storey wooden building constructed along Meisic St. The land was donated by the Chinese Education Committee. The location of the building is where Tiong Se Academy stands today.
  
  日夜課學生增至五百餘人，舊校舍已經無法容納眾多學生。教育會把該會位於美石區一層舊樓改建為三層校舍，供我校使用。

• 1923

  
  The school was renamed First Chinese Elementary School.
  
  學校名稱更名為“華僑第一小學校”。
  
  When Philippine Chinese High School (now Philippine Cultural College, the country's first Chinese secondary school) first opened its doors, they held classes inside the ACS Meisic building.
  
  新開設的菲律濱首家華僑中學（即現在的菲律濱僑中學院），因無校舍，乃暫讓僑中在美石校舍授課。

• 1928

  In 1928, the Alumni Association of Anglo Chinese School was established. They provided support for the school’s athletic programs and even formed their basketball team, a proof of their enthusiasm for athletics. The alumni association was disbanded in World War II.
  
  中西學校之校友會成立於1928年。校友會成立後，在體育方面極力提倡，並組織校友籃球隊。1941年太平洋戰爭爆發，學校停課，校友會的一切活動亦隨之中斷。

• 1929

  
  ACS celebrated its 30th Foundation Anniversary. To mark the occasion, the school published an anniversary book that detailed its small start to its increasingly huge school population. Over four thousand copies of the anniversary book were distributed for the occasion, only a few could be found today.
  
  即慶祝我校創辦三十週年，編著我校三十週年紀念特刊。該刊現在難尋，已成為珍貴的菲華文獻。

• 1930

  ACS formed its first basketball teams (boys and girls, composed of ACS alumni). Both teams were able to compete in key cities nationwide and became undisputed champions among local Chinese schools.
  
  我校成立男女校友籃球隊，在國內外比賽時，常是戴譽而歸。

• 1935

  
  The ACS men’s basketball team won the championship at the Southern Fujian Games in Xiamen City, China. They also joined and won championships in Hong Kong. These were among the most significant achievements of ACS in sports.
  
  男隊在本島各處常獲勝利，赴中國香港、廈門比賽，榮獲冠軍，極為本地人士及僑胞所稱道。

• 1936

  TACS continued its pioneering role in Philippine-Chinese education by offering type-writing and bookkeeping classes in English which were available in both day and evening sessions.
  
  我校開設日夜課英文打字班、英文簿記班，為僑校職業課程之首創

• 1937

  
  When the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out in China, ACS was at the forefront of war efforts. Not only did the school offer military training, members of the school also set aside donations and one-tenth of their salary for the Chinese military forces.
  
  中國“七七事變”發生後，華僑學生多欲回國從軍，我校即組織軍訓班。自此，我國華僑積極捐輸。我校師生參加救國常月捐、寒衣捐等，為支持抗戰軍隊。

• 1938

  In 1938, ACS became the first Chinese school to offer a curriculum taught in English at the secondary level. This lasted until the outbreak of the Second World War.
  
  我校決定開辦英文中學，便於僑生升學菲校。 此後續辦至二戰時期。

• 1940

  ACS was given recognition by the Chinese Government for its monetary donation amounting to ten thousand Philippine pesos, the single largest war donation from the Philippines.
  
  中國政府表彰我校之抗戰捐款活動，錢款達壹萬圓，居全國第一位。

• 1941

  
  In 1941, the school was closed at the outbreak of the Pacific War and Japanese invasion of the Philippines. The school buildings were used as shelters for war refugees.
  
  1941年，太平洋戰爭爆發，日寇佔領菲島，我校停辦。我校校舍二戰時全部被用為難民收容所。

• 1942

  During the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, Mr. Gan Bun Cho became a leader of the Anti-Japanese movement. When the Japanese army entered Manila, eight community leaders including himself were arrested and executed by the Japanese. They were martyred at the Chinese Cemetery on April 15, 1942.
  
  Mr. Gan’s 27 years of service to the school was cut short as he gave his life for the country.
  
  顏文初在中日戰爭爆發時成為菲律賓抗日運動的英勇領袖之一。因此，就在日軍入侵馬尼拉後，包括顏文初在內的8名領袖於1942年1月12日被捕，同年4月15日在華僑義山被處決。

SECTION 3 RIDING THE WAVES OF CHANGE

The Post War Era
戰後學校復辦，隨從華社轉變
(1945-1973)

• 1945

  
  After the Liberation of Manila, ACS was the first Philippine Chinese school permitted to reopen by the Bureau of Private Schools. Remedial classes were held for the students to catch up.
  
  1945年，岷市光復。4月，校董會籌備復校事宜。我校開設菲國華校戰後的首期補習班。
  
  In 1945, Mr. Ang Tun Yu was appointed school principal. He died after only several months, in part because of the rigors and demands of rehabilitating and reconstructing the school. Mr. Phi Nai Yang took over his post.
  
  洪敦友校長因一面整理校務，一面收回校舍，得患重病，於當年9月14日不幸逝世，校政由彭乃揚先生擔任。

• 1946

  The ACS located in Quiapo became an independent elementary school. They later changed their name to the now defunct Philippine Scholastic Academy.
  
  中西的溪亞波分校1946年開始獨立辦學。

• 1949

  
  ACS celebrated its Golden Foundation Anniversary. An anniversary book was printed to commemorate the past fifty years of ACS. The book discussed the state of Chinese education in the Philippines.
  
  1949年為我校創校五十週年紀念，出版五十週年紀念特刊，為我校又一重要文獻。

• 1949

  ACS celebrated its Golden Foundation Anniversary. An anniversary book was printed to commemorate the past fifty years of ACS. The book discussed the state of Chinese education in the Philippines.
  
  1949年為我校創校五十週年紀念，出版五十週年紀念特刊，為我校又一重要文獻。
  
  The Philippine Cultural High School completed their school building in Reina Regente and moved out of the ACS Meisic Building.
  
  華僑中學的校舍已完工，我校收回華僑中學暫用的美石校舍。

• 1950

  
  The ACS football team won the 1950 inter-elementary championships organized by the Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation (PAAF).
  
  This was the last time ACS participated in any football competitions. They were not invited in the succeeding years by the PAAF.
  
  我校足球隊榮獲菲律濱體育協會1950年足球比賽之冠軍。菲體協拒絕我校參加次年的比賽。因此，這是我校最後一次參加任何足球賽。

• 1956

  The Philippine Government took over complete supervision of all local Chinese schools to prevent the spread of communist ideas. The government, through the Circular No. 3 s. 1956 issued by the Bureau of Private Schools, regulated and monitored the curriculum of the Chinese schools.
  
  1956年，菲島所有僑校接受菲政府全面督察，我校學制課程亦隨整個僑教而變動適應，遵照中菲兩國政府是年一月簽訂的備忘錄。

• 1957

  
  In 1957, as part of ACS’s compliance to the new agreement, the school had to register at the new Bureau of Private Schools. They were granted recognition and a permit for operations for their Elementary course.
  
  (Government Recognition No. 249 s. 1957)
  
  根據中菲兩國政府協議，我校向菲律濱私立教育局登記立案，並獲准正式開辦小學課程。

• 1961

  In compliance to the new supervisory provisions of the Bureau, English classes were conducted in the morning and Chinese classes in the afternoon.
  
  1961年，按照菲律濱私立教育局的規定，我校英文課程授課時間改至上午。

• 1964

  
  In 1964, Mr. Tan Tiong Gong as acting principal, initiated reforms within the school. These included programs for faculty development, faculty welfare fund and co-curricular and extra curricular activities for the students.
  
  1964年，董事會推舉陳忠戇先生為代校長。陳校長就任後實行了幾項改革，包括提高教員待遇、首創教員福利基金制度、加強學生體育及其他活動訓練。

• 1967

  
  During the 1960s, ACS dominated the inter-school athletics competitions. They garnered multiple podium finishes and were awarded as the “Best Track and Field Team” for 1967 and 1968.
  
  60年代我校田徑隊舉世聞名，參賽者多數均戴譽而歸，1967和1968年授予“最佳田徑隊”之稱號。

• 1969

  
  1969, the ACS building in Sta. Elena Street was destroyed by a neighborhood fire. Classes were temporarily held in several places including the state-owned Jose Abad Santos High School, the now-defunct EXCOWHM Memorial Academy and even privately-owned warehouses.
  
  Aside from the loss of the building, invaluable school records were destroyed.
  
  1969年11月1日凌晨，舊校舍遭鄰火全部被焚。七十年來一切設備、記錄、資料、文物盡付一炬，損失慘重，無法統計。我校不得已先借用岷市幾處地方（包括鄰近的丹心書院和一家公立中學）為臨時課室，後來又遷移勒道大街租賃臨時校舍上課。

• 1970

  
  In 1970, the newly built five-storey ACS building in Sta. Elena Street was inaugurated, and classes slowly moved back to the new building.
  
  1970年，我校在舊仙沓依仁娜校舍原址新建的一棟五層水泥鋼骨大廈全面完工。

SECTION 4 RESPONDING TO NEW CHALLENGES

Tiong Se Academy in the Filipinization Period
全國華校菲化，中西面臨挑戰
(1973-2006)

• 1973

  The 1973 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines provided for the Filipinization of all Foreign Schools. An enabling Law through Presidential Decree No. 176, was passed on April 16, 1973 that detailed the rules and regulations governing foreign schools. At least two-thirds of the student population in Chinese schools has to be Filipino citizens. Teaching subjects in both Chinese and English (referred to as the dual curriculum) was no longer allowed and the number of hours for Chinese subjects was reduced. The word “Chinese” was removed from the name of the school as part of the Filipinization policy.
  
  1973年，菲律濱總統馬可斯通過第173通令，要求全菲華校“菲化”。根據“菲化”通令，要求華校全體學生的三分之二為菲籍生，“雙重制”被取消，漢文課每週不得超過六百分鐘，大減學生學習漢語的時間。

• 1973

  The 1973 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines provided for the Filipinization of all Foreign Schools. An enabling Law through Presidential Decree No. 176, was passed on April 16, 1973 that detailed the rules and regulations governing foreign schools. At least two-thirds of the student population in Chinese schools has to be Filipino citizens. Teaching subjects in both Chinese and English (referred to as the dual curriculum) was no longer allowed and the number of hours for Chinese subjects was reduced. The word “Chinese” was removed from the name of the school as part of the Filipinization policy.
  
  1973年，菲律濱總統馬可斯通過第173通令，要求全菲華校“菲化”。根據“菲化”通令，要求華校全體學生的三分之二為菲籍生，“雙重制”被取消，漢文課每週不得超過六百分鐘，大減學生學習漢語的時間。
  
  ACS was again granted government recognition under the Filipinized curriculum for its elementary program.
  
  (Government Recognition No. 216 s. 1973)
  
  我校向菲律濱教育部重新登記，小學部“菲化”課程獲得政府承認。

• 1975

  In accordance to the new constitution, the word “Chinese” was dropped from ACS and the school's name was changed to Tiong Se Academy (TSA).
  
  1975年，我校根據“菲化”通令，英文名稱從“小呂宋華僑中西學校” ANGLO CHINESE SCHOOL 正式改為“中西學院” TIONG SE ACADEMY。

• 1976

  
  Dr. Shubert S.C. Liao, a retired professor at the University of the East, was appointed by the Board of Trustees to be the tenth principal of the school.
  
  1976年，董事會聘請東方大學教授廖西白博士，擔任我校第十任校長。
  
  TSA began offering the Filipinized curriculum for secondary education in 1976. It was given a temporary permit to operate this secondary curriculum subject to annual review and renewal.
  
  中西學院增辦全面英漢雙制的中學。

• 1980

  
  TSA had its first batch of secondary graduates under the Filipinized curriculum of Chinese schools.
  
  1980年，我校第一屆英漢中學生學業圓滿完成，就此畢業。

• 1982

  
  In 1982, TSA met the Government requirements and was granted recognitionion by the Philippine Ministry of Education to offer Kindergarten to Secondary courses.
  
  (Government Recognition No. 8 s. 1982)
  (Government Recognition No. 9 s. 1982)
  
  我校中學部及幼兒園符合菲律濱教育部辦學要求，獲得政府承認。

• 1986

  
  The school board appointed Mr. Catalino Tan, the son of the ninth principal Mr. Tan Tiong Gong, as the eleventh principal.
  
  陳忠戇代校長之子陳義耀先生接任校政，是本校第十一任中西校長。
  
  After a period of quiescence, the Tiong Se Academy Alumni Association (TSAAA) was revived in 1986 to look after the welfare of the school and its alumni.
  
  1986年，我校校友會復辦。校友會的組織，制定了兩點宗旨：促進校友間情誼、協助母校之振興。

• 1995

  
  The Board of Trustees appointed Dr. Cesar Y. Yu as the twelfth principal of the school.
  
  校董會於1995年聘楊家標醫師來校擔任第十二任校長。
  
  The school was renamed Philippine Tiong Se Academy (PTSA).
  
  學校名稱又更名為“菲律濱中西學院”PHILIPPINE TIONG SE ACADEMY。

• 1997

  
  Mrs. Julie Cheng Kin Tee succeeded Dr. Cesar Yu as the thirteenth principal of PTSA.
  
  莊秀瑾女士與中西已有三十餘年之緣，對於我校內政經驗豐富，校董會同意讓其擔任我校第十三任校長——即是我校首位女校長。

• 1999

  
  PTSA celebrated its Centennial Foundation Anniversary. A Centennial Yearbook was published with the help of Mr. Antonio O, then supervisor of the Chinese Curriculum.
  
  1999年，菲律濱中西學院慶祝建校一百周年。此時我校出版百年紀念特刊，由中文主任邱榮禧先生負責。

• 2001

  
  PTSA celebrated its Centennial Foundation Anniversary. A Centennial Yearbook was published with the help of Mr. Antonio O, then supervisor of the Chinese Curriculum.
  
  1999年，菲律濱中西學院慶祝建校一百周年。此時我校出版百年紀念特刊，由中文主任邱榮禧先生負責。
  
  Mrs. Julie Cheng Kin Tee retired as principal. The school board designated Mrs. Shirley Kho-Sy as the officer-in-charge of PTSA. She spearheaded the augmentation of facilities of PTSA.
  
  2001年，莊秀瑾校長退休。校董會聘請許友真女士為行政主任，掌理校政。

• 2003

  
  Miss Loly Ong succeeded Mrs. Shirley Kho-Sy as principal.
  
  兩年後，許主任辭職，我校內政事宜，由當時副行政主任顏琳琳女士接任，並繼續許主任的志業。

• 2005

  
  Mrs. Huichin Auyong Chua, a former principal of Iloilo Central Commercial High School (now Hua Siong College of Iloilo), was appointed sixteenth principal of PTSA.
  
  2005年，校董會推舉曾任怡朗華商中學校長歐陽慧真女士為我校第十六任校長。

SECTION 5 TRANSFORMING AND REVITALIZING WITH RENEWED PRIDE AND HONOR

The New Tiong Se Academy
今日中西：展現新面貌，迎接新挑戰
(2006-present)

• 2006

  
  Philippine San Bin School (PSBS), a Chinese-Filipino school in San Nicolas, Manila, formally merged with PTSA through the decision of the Board of Trustees. The merging allowed the two schools to share their resources and advocacy for Chinese language education.
  
  2006年2月20日，我校與另一所華校——菲律濱三民學校宣佈正式合併，校名仍為中西學院。
  
  PSBS school head Mrs. Margarita Chua Gutierrez became the seventeenth principal of PTSA.
  
  當年在三民學校任多年校長的蔡蕊沓女士管理校政，系我校第十七任校長。

• 2011

  
  In the Second World Chinese Language and Culture Education Conference held in Xian, Shaanxi Province, China, PTSA was awarded as a "Model School in Overseas Chinese Education" along with two other schools, together with the Philippine Chinese Education Research Center.
  
  2011年，中國國僑辦根據我校對菲島華教之百年貢獻，授予我校“海外華文教育示範學校”稱號

• 2012

  
  The school name reverted back to “Tiong Se Academy”, which is the legally registered name under the Department of Education.
  
  我校因需符合政府登記要求，最後更名為“中西學院” TIONG SE ACADEMY。
  
  TSA started the total renovation of its forty-year-old school building spearheaded by Vice-Chairman of the TSA Board of Trustees Mr. Carlos Chung. The TSA Board of Trustees, alumni and other donors also contributed to the renovations.
  
  2013年我校開始校舍整體裝修，副董事長莊文植先生以及諸位中西董事、校友慷慨募捐，為中西學子創造良好的學習環境。

• 2013

  
  TSA was recognized by the City Government of Manila as the first and oldest Chinese school in the Philippines. A historical marker was unveiled by the then Mayor of Manila Alfredo Lim and Vice Chairperson of the National Historical Commission, Gemma Cruz-Araneta.
  
  馬尼拉歷史委員會授予我校歷史標誌碑。當年揭碑儀式出席人有馬尼拉的林市長和歷史署副委員長GEMMA CRUZ ARANETA。

• 2014

  
  In 2014, Tiong Se Academy signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Xavier School through the help of Mr. Carlos Chung to improve TSA facilities, school operations and the faculty development program. 2014年7月，我校與光啟學校正式簽定教學協議，增添課室設備，提高教學素質，加強合作交流。
  
  The National Historical Commission of the Philippines unveiled a historical marker for Tiong Se Academy, in recognition of its contributions as a pioneer of the Philippine Chinese school educational system.
  
  2014年，中西學院得到菲律賓國家歷史委員會授予歷史標誌碑，肯定中西對菲國華僑教育之貢獻。
  
  The Early Education Department was named Chung Tiong Tay Go Te Hua Kindergarten after Chung Tiong Tay, a former Chairman of the Board of Trustees and Go Te Hua, his wife, to honor their contributions to the school.
  A bronze bust was made by National Artist for Sculpture Abdulmari Imao to commemorate the event.
  
  我校幼兒園更名為“莊長泰伍隸華幼兒園”，以紀念故董事長莊長泰校友及其夫人伍隸華女士。
  
  In 2014, TSA celebrated its 115th Foundation Anniversary marked by the 115th Anniversary Yearbook spearheaded by Mr. Alex Sy, president of the TSA Alumni Association.
  
  2014年，我校慶祝建校115周年，出版了一本紀念特刊，描述我校近幾年的新面貌。該刊由校友會理事長施純永董事任主編。

• 2016

  TSA launched its Senior High School program, offering two strands under Academic Track: General Academics (GAS) and Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM).
  
  中西學院迎接新英文K12課程，增辦高中，初始開辦“綜合文科”GAS 和“會計及商業管理”ABM 兩項高中學科。

• 2018

  
  TSA offered additional Senior High School strands: Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), and Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS). The school now offers all four strands in the Academic Track.
  
  我校又增辦了兩項高中學科：“理工科”STEM 和“人文與社會”HUMSS。

• Present

  Still Soaring High.